Foreign investors who wish to purchase residential property in Australia must comply with the Foreign Investment Review Board (FIRB) framework, which regulates non-resident property acquisitions to manage the impact on housing availability and affordability for Australian residents.
FIRB approval requirement. Most foreign persons (non-citizens and non-permanent residents) must apply for and receive FIRB approval before purchasing residential property in Australia. Temporary residents and foreign investors have different eligibility rules.
What foreign investors can typically purchase:
– New dwellings (newly constructed or off-the-plan) — most commonly approved
– Vacant land for development — approved subject to conditions requiring timely development
– Established dwellings — generally not approved for foreign investors (not temporary residents), with limited exceptions
Temporary residents. Temporary visa holders may purchase one established dwelling to use as their primary residence while in Australia. The property must generally be sold when they leave the country.
Foreign purchaser surcharge. In addition to standard stamp duty, most states charge a foreign purchaser surcharge (typically 7–8% of the property value). Annual land tax surcharges also apply in some states for foreign-owned property.
FIRB application fee. FIRB charges an application fee based on the property value, ranging from $4,200 for properties under $75,000 to $107,100+ for properties valued at $10M+.
Relevance for referral programs. Professionals working with international clients or expat investors — including accountants, lawyers, and financial planners — should understand FIRB requirements as part of the investment advisory process.
